Reduction of Surface Friction on The Size of Dimples on AISI 1016 Steel Surface

Abstract

This study discusses the relationship between the wear effects caused by friction and dimples and their influence on the friction factor, which consists of four types of dimples with the diameter and depth are 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm and 4 mm. The samples used in this study are made of AISI 1016 carbon steel. In these samples, the dimples produced have the same diameter and depth, i.e. 1 mm to 4 mm. The dimples were created using a 3-axis milling machine and a ball-end nose tool. These dimples also have different diameters, that is, 4 mm, 3 mm, 2 mm, and 1 mm. This testing contains variations in diameter ranging from 1 mm to 4 mm. The dimples were then analyzed by using microscopy and image analysis. The samples were further analyzed using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) equipped with the ASTM 1894 apparatus. The samples were tested using ISO-168 hydraulic oil volume under face-to-face contact conditions. The results for static friction can be stated that the larger of depth of the dimples can affect to reduction of friction. The kinetic friction for a sample also reduces friction for the largest dimple.  constant but for the sample distance plays a role where the closer the distance the lower the kinetic friction. For sample B, the distance for the closest dimple to the same diameter for kinetic friction showed an ability to reduce friction compared to a higher distance. The results of the tests conducted showed remarkable effects of the resulting friction from these dimple surfaces. The test results found that a larger-diameter sample had a higher ability to reduce friction compared to a smaller diameter. This will prolong the lifespan of mechanical and automotive components.