Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Among Ibans of Lundu and Bidayuh of Serian

Abstract

Currently, the trending of energy consumption in Sarawak, Malaysia had changed dramatically due to the increased of electricity supply need which involve in all district and region around the state that influenced by the increasing in population, development of transportation system, and the use of gadget technology in advanced. The excessive amount of energy used may cause the rapid emission of carbon dioxide gas that led to the greenhouse effect that slowly harms the earth. Sarawak is a state in Malaysia that have racial diversity. However, each ethnic has a different lifestyle due to the demographic factor which results in the variation of average household energy consumption. Therefore, a study has been conducted specifically at two different village of varies races which is at Iban (Sea Dayak) village and Bidayuh (Land Dayak) village to study and investigate the changes of lifestyle of the Ibans and Bidayuhs in Sarawak and how it affects energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. A spreadsheet excel program has been made so that the comparison for village energy consumption can be determined easily. For this study, a quantitative method has been used in which each resident for selected village was interviewed about the electrical appliance used and been provided a questionnaire for them to fill in.  Based on the collected data, formulated excel program is expected to be produced for calculation based on the idea of energy consumption theory. The calculated data will take form based on energy consumption of daily, monthly and yearly activities. The energy consumption will take consideration on various daily activities of Ibans and Bidayuhs. Only certain household electrical appliances were known to consume a lot of electricity at both villages such as lighting, fan, refrigerator, and heating appliance. Based on the comparison, Bidayuhs in Kampung Mentu Pondok, Serian consumed more energy than Ibans in Kampung Sungai Lundu in yearly basis by the difference 1 845.24 kWh. Thus, each house in Kampung Sungai Lundu intimately generates 3 351.30 kWh each year while spending RM 630.14 each year for electric bill. Meanwhile,each house in Kampung Sungai Lundu intimately emits 2 472 968.289 kg CO2 each year.